His Lineage and Title:
Abu Bakr Siddique (R.A.), prevalently known as Abu Bakr, is the first Caliph after the Prophet Mohammad (S.A.W.). His complete name is Abdullah receptacle Abu Quhafah Uthman canister Aamer Al Qurashi Al Taymi. His ancestry gets together with that of the Prophet (S.A.W.) six ages before himself, in Murrah Ben Kaab.
Abu Bakr Siddique (R.A.) was brought into the world in Makkah in the year 573 AD (Christian Era), two years and a few months after the introduction of the Prophet Mohammad (S.A.W.). Abu Bakr (R.A.) was raised inside his respectable great guardians; in this manner he acquired a significant confidence and honorable status. His dad Uthman Abu Quhafah acknowledged Islam on the Day of Victory in Makkah. His mom Salma bint Sakhar, otherwise called Umm Al Khair, accepted Islam early, and relocated to Madinah.
His actual appearance:
Abu Bakr (R.A.) was a thin white man with slight shoulders, slender face, indented eyes, jutting brow and the foundations of his fingers were smooth. [As his little girl Aisha (R.A.) portray the actual appearance of her dad Abu Bakr Siddique (R.A).
His initial Life:
Abu Bakr Siddique (R.A.) spent his youth, as other Arab offspring of the time, among the Bedouins. In his initial years, he played with the camel calves and goats, and his affection for camels acquired him the epithet "Abu Bakr", signifying 'the dad of the camel's calf.'
In 591 AD at 18 years old, Abu Bakr (R.A.) went into exchange and embraced the calling of material shipper, which was his privately-run company's. He began his business with the capital of 40,000 dirhams. In the coming years Abu Bakr (R.A.) voyaged broadly with convoys (camel train, series of camels conveying travelers starting with one spot then onto the next). Excursions for work took him to Yemen, Syria, and numerous different nations in the current Middle East. His business prospered and however his dad was as yet alive, Abu Bakr (R.A.) came to be perceived as head of his clan on account of his numerous characteristics like information about the historical backdrop of Arabs clans (genealogical information), legislative issues, exchange/business, his thoughtfulness and numerous other.
Abu Bakr Siddique (R.A.) was strikingly upright. Indeed, even before Islam, he had made intoxicants taboo for himself. When an individual asked him:
"Have you at any point drunk intoxicant?"
Abu Bakr (R.A.) answered:
"I look for shelter in Allah, I never did it."
Individual asked once more:
"Why?"
He said:
"I keep up with my honor and safeguard my poise."
Abu Bakr Siddique (R.A.) has never prostrated to symbols. Once in a get-together of the Prophet Mohammad (S.A.W.) and his Sahaba (Companions), Abu Bakr (R.A.) said:
"I have never prostrated to a symbol. As I moved toward adulthood, my dad drove me to an office of symbols (Kaaba). His dad said: "These are your stupendous raised divine beings." After saying this, my dad left to go to another business. I progressed to an icon and said: "I'm ravenous would you be able to take care of me?" It didn't reply. I said: "I need excellent garments; offer them on me." It didn't reply. I lost a stone upon it, and it tumbled down." Thereafter, Abu Bakr (R.A.) never went to the office of icons in Kaaba to implore the symbols."
Indeed, even before Islam, Abu Bakr Siddique (R.A.) acquired incredible qualities, high morals, and great practices inside the uninformed society. He was notable among individuals in Makkah as a pioneer over the others in profound quality and qualities. In this way, he had never been disposed of or reprimanded for any deficiency among Quraish clan.
His Acceptance of Islam:
Abu Bakr Siddq (R.A.) has acknowledged Islam after a long quest for the genuine religion. Truth be told, Abu Bakr (R.A.) was the first man to react and have confidence in Prophet Mohammad (S.A.W.). His quick acknowledgment for Islam was an outcome of the unflinching kinship with the Prophet Mohammad (S.A.W.). Abu Bakr (R.A.) knew the Prophet (S.A.W.) as an honest, legit, and honorable individual, that he has never been untruthful to individuals, so how he would be untruthful to Allah?
At the point when Abu Bakr (R.A.) accepted Islam, the Prophet (S.A.W.) was thrilled, as Abu Bakr (R.A.) was a wellspring of win for Islam, because of his closeness with Quraish clan and his honorable person that Allah Has commended him.
Truth be told, Abu Bakr Siddique (R.A.) had consistently questioned the legitimacy of excessive admiration and had next to no excitement for adoring icons. So when he acknowledged Islam, he put forth a valiant effort to draw in others to it. Before long Uthman container Affan (R.A.), Abdul-Rahman canister Awf (R.A.), Talhah receptacle Ubaydillah (R.A.), Saad receptacle Abi Waqqas (R.A.), Al-Zubair receptacle Al-Awwam (R.A.) and Abu Ubaydah container AI-Jarrah (R.A.) all rushed to join Mohammad (S.A.W.). The Prophet (S.A.W.) once said:
''Abu Bakr was the solitary individual who acknowledged Islam quickly, without doubt".
As the quantity of Muslims rose to 39, Abu Bakr Siddique (R.A.) asked the Prophet's (S.A.W.) authorization to call individuals transparently to Islam. Subsequent to persevering in this solicitation, the Prophet (S.A.W.) gave his assent and they all went to the Makkah's Holy Mosque (Kaaba) for lecturing. Abu Bakr (R.A.) conveyed a lesson which was the first ever in the chronicles of Islam. At the point when the unbelievers among the Quraish heard it, they fell upon Abu Bakr (R.A.) and the Muslims from all sides. Abu Bakr (R.A.) was beaten so seriously until he fell oblivious and was close to death. At the point when he finally recovered cognizance, he quickly enquired: "How is the Prophet?" despite all his aggravation and wounds, his first thought was uniquely for the Prophet (S.A.W.), his affection for him was unbounded to such an extent that he viewed himself as with only the Prophet's (S.A.W.) prosperity.
His better half Qutaylah didn't acknowledge Islam and he separated from her. His other spouse, Um Ruman, turned into a Muslim. Every one of his youngsters, with the exception of Abul Rehman, acknowledged Islam.
His Title "As-Siddique" (The Truthful):
As-Siddique, the most notable of Abu Bakr's (R.A.) titles, comes from the word 'Sidq' which implies honesty. Subsequently, the word As-Siddique implies an individual who is continually honest or who continually trusts in the honesty of a person or thing. In Abu Bakr's (R.A.) case, in the honesty of Prophet Mohammad (S.A.W.). The title 'As-Siddique' was given to Abu Bakr (R.A.) by in all honesty the Prophet (S.A.W.).
Movement to Madinah:
At the point when the Prophet (S.A.W.) and his Companions (Sahaba) experienced enormously the mischief of Quraish, the Prophet (S.A.W.) told his Companions to move to Madinah. As described by Aishah (R.A.) that the Prophet (S.A.W.) said to the Muslims:
"I have had a dream in which I have been shown the spot to which you will relocate, a place that is known for palm trees between two mountains and two stony plot of land." Thus a portion of the Muslims moved to Madinah, and the majority of the individuals who had left before for Abyssinia (Ethiopia) got back to Madinah. Abu Bakr arranged to leave for Madinah likewise yet the Prophet Mohammad (S.A.W.) said: "Hang tight a short time for I desire to be allowed to relocate also." Abu Bakr said: "Do you expect so? May my folks be reclaimed for you?" The Prophet (S.A.W.) said: "Yes." So Abu Bakr didn't move to stay with the courier of Allah (S.A.W.). He arranged two camels and escaped them well for a very long time to utilize them in their long excursion. (Bukhari: 3905)
Individuals of Makkah have seen that the Prophet Mohammad (S.A.W.) has got disciples and allies in somewhere else and they have seen the movement of the Prophet's (S.A.W.) Companions. Dreading the takeoff of the Prophet (S.A.W.) from Makkah, they wanted to kill him. Subsequently, the heavenly messenger Gabriel educated Prophet (S.A.W.) to leave Makkah.
While the Prophet's (S.A.W.) house was blockaded by a gathering of fighters from every one of the clans of Makkah, he left his cousin, Ali canister Abi Talib (R.A.), in his bed, slipped unseen from the house, and withdrew with Abu Bakr (R.A.) in the early hours of the morning. Their excursion from Makkah to Madinah was loaded with experience. When the blockading fighters found that they were deceived, they went looking for the Prophet (S.A.W.) and Abu Bakr (R.A.). A public prize of 100 camels was presented to any individual who may discover them. Nonetheless, it happened that when they stow away in a cavern named Thaur (where they went through three evenings), a bug turned its web at the launch of the cavern, and a pigeon fabricated its home there. The fighters followed their tracks until they arrived at their concealing spot, yet, seeing the web and the early hours of the morning, they returned home, telling everybody that further pursuit was unproductive.
Abu Bakr (R.A.) said:
"I was with the Prophet (S.A.W.) in the Cave and when I raised my head I saw the feet of individuals (he implies the infidels), I said: 'O Messenger of Allah, if any of them should look under his feet, he would see us." The Prophet (S.A.W.) Said: "O Abu Bakr! What's your opinion about two people the third of them is Allah?"
The occurrence is depicted in the Al-Quran as follows:
"In the event that you don't help the Prophet - Allah has as of now supported him when the people who doubted had driven him out [of Makkah] as one of two, when they were in the cavern and he said to his buddy, "Don't lament; for sure, Allah is with us." (Surah al-Tawba: 9:40)
His role in Battles of Badr and Uhud:
Badr was the first large-scale engagement between the Muslims and the non-believers of Makkah which took place on Badr, near Madinah, on 17th Ramadan, 2 AH (March 13th, 624 AD).
In the Battle of Badr, Abu Bakr (R.A.) was one of the guards of Prophet’s (S.A.W.) tent and was entrusted with his safety. It is reported by Ibn Asker that Abdul Rahman, the son of Abu Bakr Siddique (R.A.), was with the unbelievers on the Day of Badr. When he became a Muslim, he said to his father:
“You were exposed to me on the Day of Badr and I turned away from you, I did not kill you.”
Abu Bakr (R.A.) said:
“As for me, if you were exposed to me, I would not have turned away from you.”
In this situation, the greatness of the faith of Abu Bakr (R.A.), is exemplified by the depth of his truthfulness and sincerity in preferring the love of Allah and His Messenger (S.A.W.) above everything else.
Abu Bakr (R.A.) truly applied the guidelines affirmed in the Holy Quran and Hadith.
Allah the Great and the Almighty Has Said in Quran:
“You will not find a people who believe in Allah and the Last Day having affection for those who oppose Allah and His Messenger, even if they were their fathers or their sons or their brothers or their kindred.” (Surah Al-Mujaadila: 58:22).
The Prophet (S.A.W.) said:
" None of you truly believes until I am more beloved to him than his child, his father and all the people." (Ibn Mjah: 67)
Abu Bakr (R.A.) would never love his disbelieving son, due to his faithfulness to Allah and his Messenger (S.A.W.).
In the battle of Uhud, which took place the following year after Badr, the disbelievers won the battle because the archers left their places on the top of the mountain of Uhud. Only a dozen people stayed with the Prophet (S.A.W.) on this occasion, one of whom was the staunch believer Abu Bakr (R.A.).
His spending for Allah’s sake:
Allah's Messenger (S.A.W.) once said about Abu Bakr (R.A.):
"No one has helped me without reciprocating it, except for Abu Bakr, who has given me help, which Allah will reciprocate to him on the Day of Resurrection. No one's property has benefited me to the extent of Abu Bakr's. And if I were to take a Khalil (friend), then I would have taken Abu Bakr as a Khalil, and indeed your companion is Allah's Khalil." (Tirmidhi: 3661)
Umar Ibn Al-Khattab (R.A.) said:
“The Messenger of Allah (S.A.W.) commanded us one day to give sadaqah (charity). At that time, I had some property. I said: Today I shall surpass Abu Bakr if I surpass him any day. I, therefore, brought half my property. The Messenger of Allah (S.A.W.) asked: What did you leave for your family? I replied: The same amount. Abu Bakr brought all that he had with him. The Messenger of Allah (S.A.W.) asked him: What did you leave for your family? He replied: I left Allah and His Apostle for them. I said: I shall never compete you in anything.'” (Abu-Dawud: 1678)
Abu Bakr (R.A.) had also liberated many slaves as he felt compassion for them. As per sources, he purchased and freed eight slaves, four men and four women, by paying forty thousand dinars for their freedom. Bilal bin Ribah (R.A.), one of the most loyal and trusted Companion of Prophet Mohammad (S.A.W.), was one of the salves that Abu Bakr (R.A.) freed from slavery.
The Day the Prophet Died:
When the Prophet (S.A.W.) died in 11 AH (632 AD), many people, among who was Umar bin Khattab (R.A.), refused to believe he had died. But Abu Bakr (R.A.), steadfast as usual, addressed the bewildered multitude and convinced them that Mohammad (S.A.W.) was no more and there was no reason why they should not acknowledge his death.
It is reported from Ibn Abbas (R.A.) that when the Prophet (S.A.W.) died, Abu Bakr Siddique (R.A.) went out while Umar (R.A.) was speaking to the people. Abu Bakr (R.A.) said to him: 'Sit down O Umar,' twice, but Umar refused to sit.
Abu Bakr (R.A.) said:
“To proceed, if anyone amongst you used to worship Mohammad (S.A.W.), then Mohammad (S.A.W.) is dead, but if you used to worship Allah, then Allah is Alive and shall never die.”
(Then he recited the following aya of Quran):
“Mohammad is not but a messenger. [Other] messengers have passed on before him. So if he was to die or be killed, would you turn back on your heels [to unbelief]? And he who turns back on his heels will never harm Allah at all; but Allah will reward the grateful.” (Surah Al-Imran: 3:144)
Ibn Abbas (R.A.) said:
"By Allah, it was as if the people never knew that Allah Had revealed this verse before, till Abu Bakr recited it and all the people took it from him, and I heard everybody reciting it."
Umar bin Khattab (R.A.) said:
“my legs could not support me and I fell down at the very moment of hearing him reciting it, declaring that the Prophet (S.A.W.) had died.”
(Bukhari: 4452, 4453)
First Caliph in Islam:
After the death of the Messenger of Allah (S.A.W.), Abu Bakr (R.A.) was unanimously accepted caliph. However, he had faced many crises after becoming caliph.
Imam Al-Dhahabi said:
“When the news of the death of the Prophet (S.A.W.) spread, many groups of people among the Arabs apostatized from Islam. They objected to pay the almsgiving (Zakat). Abu Bakr Siddique (R.A.) decided to fight them. Umar and others impressed upon him to refrain from fighting them, but Abu Bakr said: 'By Allah, if they refuse to pay a rope which they used to pay at the time of the Messenger of Allah (S.A.W.), I will fight them for withholding it."
Umar (R.A.) insisted:
“How can you fight with these people although the Prophet (S.A.W.) said: "I have been ordered by Allah to fight the people till they say: None has the right to be worshiped but Allah, and whoever said it then he will save his life and property from me except on trespass the law, and his accounts will be with Allah."
Abu Bakr (R.A.), reiterated:
“By Allah! I will fight those who differentiate between the prayer and almsgiving (Zakat), for almsgiving (Zakat) is a compulsory right to be taken from the property (according to Allah's orders).”
Then Umar (R.A.) said:
“By Allah, it was nothing, but Allah brought relief to Abu Bakr toward the decision (to fight) and I came to know that this decision was right.”
Abu Bakr (R.A.) raised the banner of war on all fronts. The desert never witnessed, even in the lifetime of the Prophet (S.A.W.) himself, such grinding battles as those that occurred. But the men that were trained by Mohammad (S.A.W.) upon the recognition of the truth and total submission to it were sincere to Allah in their deeds. They dealt idolatry a blow that broke its spine and squeezed its soul until it faded into oblivion. They equally drove away the Romans from the boarders. They broke the spine of the apostates. Some of them came back into the fold of Islam and others perished far estranged from it. In no more than a few years, Islam triumphed and was seen and heard (far and wide) while other religions were on the brink of extinction.
Gathering of the Holy Quran:
Perhaps the best accomplishment Abu Bakr Siddique (R.A.) delivered to Islam was the assemblage of the Holy Quran. Around then, there were many memorizers who had remembered the whole Quran among the Companions during the existence season of the Prophet (S.A.W.), however the Holy Quran had never been agreed in a book-structure, in spite of the fact that its remembrance proceeded after the demise of the Prophet (S.A.W.). Nonetheless, quantities of those memorizers had been martyred in the different fights that had followed after the Prophet's (S.A.W.) passing. Thusly, it happened to Umar (R.A.) that means ought to be taken to safeguard the Quran flawless in its unique structure, against any sort of hazard, and he saw that it was not judicious to rely only on the people who had submitted its memory to heart. Along these lines, he asked Abu Bakr (R.A.) to have it recorded as a book. Abu Bakr (R.A.) at first faltered on the grounds that this had not been finished by the Prophet (S.A.W.) himself. Notwithstanding, after some discussion regarding the matter, he concurred and delegated Zaid ibn Thabit (R.A.) for this work, Zaid (R.A.) wavered at the prospect of undertaking a particularly groundbreaking assignment, yet he later cheered up and started the work. Zaid (R.A.) was the most competent individual to be accused of this since he had gone about as an amanuensis to the Prophet (S.A.W.), and one of the Companions, who had gained the Quran straightforwardly from him.
Zaid ibn Thabit (R.A.), said:
"By Allah, If Abu Bakr (R.A.) had requested to move one of the mountains from its place it would not have been more earnestly for me than what he had requested me concerning the assortment of the Quran."
He proceeded,
"I began finding Quranic material and gathering it from materials, scapula, leaf-stalks of date palms and from the recollections of men."
It is accounted for from Ali container Abi Talib (R.A.), who said:
"The person who has the best prize among individuals is Abu Bakr in light of the fact that he was exceptional in aggregating the Quran."
His Death and Burial Place:
Abu Bakr Siddique (R.A.) passed on Monday, 22nd of Jumada Al-Akhirah, thirteenth AH (August 23rd, 634 AD) subsequent to experiencing fever for 15 days during which he gave guidelines that Umar container Khattab (R.A.) should lead the supplications. There is a story which blames the Jews for placing poison in his food, yet it needs genuineness. At the point when Abu Bakr passed on, he was 63 years of age and his caliphate had gone on for just two years and 90 days. During his disease, he was considering Islam and its future dependability. In the wake of talking with a large number of the notable colleagues of the Prophet (S.A.W.), Abu Bakr (R.A.) chose to give the caliphate on Umar receptacle Khattab (R.A.).
Then, at that point he called Umar (R.A.) and encouraged him on the best way to lead his kin, finishing with these words:
"In the event that you follow my recommendation, nothing obscure will be more OK to you than death; however on the off chance that you reject it, nothing obscure will be more startling than death."
Before he passed on, Abu Bakr (R.A.) offered back all that he had taken from the public depository during his caliphate. It is said that he didn't hand down any cash whatsoever. He left just a worker, a camel and a piece of clothing. His orders were that after his demise the article of clothing ought to be conveyed to his replacement. On seeing it, Umar sobbed and said:
"Abu Bakr (R.A.) has made the assignment of his replacement truly challenging."
Abu Bakr (R.A.) prescribed to Aishah (R.A), his girl and spouse of Prophet Mohammad (S.A.W.), to cover him next to the Prophet (S.A.W.). Abu Bakr (R.A.) was covered in Aishah's room, just alongside the Prophet's (S.A.W.) grave in Prophet's Mosque (Masjid-e-Nabawi) in Madinah, Saudi Arabia. At the point when he kicked the bucket, the burial service petition was driven by Umar (R.A.) and his grave was put nearby the Prophet (S.A.W.). His grave was dove so that his head was corresponding to the shoulder of the Prophet (S.A.W.).
After hearing the miserable information on Abu Bakr's (R.A.) passing, Ali container Abi Talib (R.A.) hurried to his home. He delivered a long discourse which he addressed to Abu Bakr (R.A.). Following are a few words which Ali (R.A.) had said upon the arrival of Abu Bakr's (R.A.) demise:
"O Abu Bakr (R.A.), you were the dearest friend and companion of the Messenger of Allah (S.A.W.), you were a solace to him; you were the one he trusted most. In the event that he had confidential, he would advise it to you and on the off chance that he expected to counsel somebody in regards to a matter, he would counsel you. You were the first of your kin to accept Islam and you were the sincerest of them in your confidence. Your confidence was more grounded than some other individual's similar to how much you dreaded Allah and you were richer than any other person as far as what you procured from the religion of Allah. You really focused most on both the Messenger of Allah (S.A.W.) and Islam. Surprisingly, you were the best Companion to the Messenger of Allah (S.A.W.). You had the most desirable characteristics, you had the best past, you positioned most noteworthy and you were nearest to him. Furthermore, all things considered, you looked like the Messenger of Allah (S.A.W.) the most as far as his direction and disposition. Your positioning was higher than any other individual's and the Prophet (S.A.W.) regarded you and held you in higher regard than any other person. For the Messenger of Allah (S.A.W.) and Islam, may Allah reward you with the best of remunerations. At the point when individuals doubted in the Messenger of Allah (S.A.W.), you had confidence in him. All through Prophet's (S.A.W.) life, you were the two his eyes with which he saw, and his ears with which he heard. Allah has named you honest in His book when He said:" "And the person who has brought reality and [they who] had faith in it - those are the honorable." (SurahAl-Zamur 39:33)
Individuals had assembled around Ali (R.A.) and paid attention to his discourse until he was done. Then, at that point they all cried with raised voices, and they all reacted as one to Ali's discourse saying, "Without a doubt you have spoken reality."
Such was the quiet passing of Abu Bakr Siddique (R.A.) after a long lasting battle for the reason for Islam. All through the early long periods of Islam, Abu Bakr (R.A.) was a wellspring of solace and steady assistance for the Prophet (S.A.W.), continually able to forfeit his riches and his very life for the reason for Islam. Then, at that point when he Prophet (S.A.W.) passed on, Abu Bakr (R.A.) proceeded with where the Prophet (S.A.W.) had left off. He further reinforced the establishments of the Muslim country, first by battling against and overcoming the defectors and afterward by spreading Islam in a portion of the significant triumphs that occurred during his caliphate.
May Allah be satisfied with Abu Bakr (R.A.) and award him with the best of remunerations. AMEEN
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